Calculating-machine



(No Model.) 4 Sheets--Sheet 2. H. G.- HART. CALCULATING MACHINE.

No. 445,447. Patented Jan. 27, 1891.

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(Ne Modl.) 4 SheetsSheet 3.

H. 0. HART.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

No. 445,447. Patented Jan. 27, 1891.

WIT/'VESSES IWVEJVTOQB (N0 Modei.) 4SheetsSheet 4.

H. C. HART.

GALGULATING MACHINE.

No. 445,447. Patented Jan. 27,1891.

lllllllll" WZYWESSES I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IlENR-Y C. HART, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

SPECEFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 445,447, dated January 27, 1891.

Application filed February '7, 1889. Serial No. 29 8,996. (No model.)

To a whom it may concern Be it known that I, HENRY U. HART, of Detroit, in the county of \Vayne and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Calculating-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to calculating-machines, preferably of the type having three graduated dials provided with movable pointers, one of which is moved by avibrating lever.

The object of the invention is to provide means for varying the stroke of the vibrating lever in proportion to the desired multiplicand and varying the lengths of the arms of the lever in proportion to the desired multiplier. To accomplish this object, my invention involves the features, the combination or arrangement of devices, and the principles of operation hereinafter described and claimed, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a rear elevation of a calculating-machine embodying my invention. Fig. is a similar view showing parts broken away to more clearly exhibit the operating devices. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the machine. Fig. t is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view showing the pointershafts. Fig. (5 is a similar view on an enlarged scale. I

In order to enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention,I will now describe the preferred construction in detail, referring to the drawings, wherein- The letter X indicates a case or frame, having at the front three concentric dials O, D, and E, each graduated to suit the conditions required and separated by circular slots or spaces in which move the pointers G and E for the dials D and E. The main portions of these pointers are arranged in rear of the dials G and D, and the intermediate dial D is supported by bridge-piecesc or otherwise. The graduations of the dials are intended to represent the three elements of an operation in multiplication-to wit, the multiphcand, the multiplier, and the product-and I prefer to place the graduations for the product on the outer dial E, which is the indicating or registering dial of the machine.

The graduations of the dial C, Fig. 3, may represent cents or dollars and the graduations on the dial D may represent ounces or pounds, in which event the pointer E of the indicating or registering dial will indicate the price of a certain number of ounces or pounds at a given price per ounce or pound.

The letter (1, indicates a rotary shaft, having at its inner end a sprocket-wheel A and at its outer end portion a pointer F and a thumb-wheel A, and on this shaft is sleeved a hollow shaft H carrying at its outer end the pointer G and at its inner end a pinion H. A hollow shaft G is sleeved on the shaft II and carries at its outer end the pointer E and at its inner end a pinion G. A guiderod J is secured on the back of the case or frame, preferably parallel with the vibrating lever M when the latter is at its highest or initial position, and on the gnide-rodslides a carriage K, the range of motion of which is limited by a stop j, fixed on the guide-rod. An endless metal belt A runs over the pulleys I I, journaled on shafts in the back of the case or frame, and said belt engages with the sprocket-wheel A. The belt A is connected with the carriage K, whereby the motion of sprocket-wheel A in either direction moves the carriage K along the guide-rod J. A guide-rod L is secured vertically on the back of the frame, passes up between the guide-rod J and the case or frame, and is encircled at its lower end with a light coiled spring L the object of which is to serve as a eounterpoise for a light rectangular frame L, which slides vertically on said guide-rod L The upper side of this frame consists of a channel-bar L which projects at both sides of the frame L and is set parallel with the guide-rod J, and in this channel-bar runs a slide-block Z.

To prevent the frame L from tilting and binding and to hold it at all times in its proper plane, a shaft S is journaled in said frame L and carries at its ends two pinious L L", which mesh into racks L, secured to the case or frame X, whereby both sides of the frame L are forced to move equally, no matter at what point of the channel-bar the power is applied.

The vibrating lever M is pivoted at Ill, Fig.

2, to the case or frame of the machine, anda connecting-rod K is movably fastened by keepers K to the carriage K, the lower end of this rod being connected with said leverM by a roller K lying in a slot of the lever M. The upper end of the bar K is connected with the sliding block I, located in the channel-bar L and the bar K is shifted along the channel-bar L and lever M by the movement of the carriage K on the guide-rod J. The distance from the fulcrum h to the roller K wherever the latter may be in the slot of the lever, constitutes the short arm of the vibrating lever M, and this short arm maybe varied from nothing to any point included in the distance from the fulcrum M to the point M this point M being the end of travel of the rod K along the lever. The long arm of the lever is that part from the point M to the right-hand extremity or free end of the lever, Figs. 1 and 2, on which free end is movably mounted the upward extension m of the uppermost one of two cross-heads T, which slide on vertical guide-rods b and are connected by a rack b the construction being such that the motion of the uppermost cross-head T vibrates or oscillates the leverM and permits the slight endwise motion required,from the fact that the lever swings in the arc of a circle, while the cross-head moves in a right line.

A shaft B, journaled in the case or frame,

. is provided with a thumb-wheel B and two pinions b b, the pinion Z) having the same --number of teeth as the pinion H, and the pinion b being preferably larger than the pinion b and meshing into the rack b The rotation of the shaft B causes the rack to rise or fall, and consequently moves the free end of the lever upward or downward.

A double segment H is pivoted to the case or frame, one end meshing into the pinion b and the other end into the pinion H, so that whatever motion is col'nmunicated through shaft B to the pinion b will be exactly transmitted to the pinion II and pointer G.

A rack G secured on the side of frame L, meshes into the pinion G, so that the vertical motion of the frame L moves pinion G and the pointer E.

When all the pointers are at zero, the positions of the carriage K, the rod K, and frame L are as shown in Fig. 1, where the fulcrum M of the lever M is directly opposite the roller K at which point the connecting-rod K is. connected with the vibratinglever. Tlhelever M should be, however, at the topof its stroke;

instead of the bottom, this position being re;

versed to uncover the parts lyingbehind ande.

better illustrates the invention; In this position the motion of saidlever will not inl any Way affect the connecting-rod K, and therefore the lever M is free to move-without moving the frame L, so that if the shaft B be rotated the lever M will move and the pointer G will be rotated,'but the remainder of the mechanism and pointers will stand stationary; but if the shaft a be turn ed through onehalf a rotation the pointer F is caused to traverse one-half the dial 0. V This Will also rotate the sprocket-wheel A through half a rotation and move the carriage K one-half its total travel on guiderod J. The point of connection between the rod K and lever M will therefore be shifted to a position equal to one-half of the total distance between M M and of course the block Z will also move an equaldistan ce on its channel-bar. If,as.shown in Fig. 3, this causes the pointer F to stand at the figure 25, it puts the mechanism in such and draws down the free end of lever M, thus drawing down the connecting-rod K, and with it the frame L. This causes the rack G on the frame L to rotate the pinion Gand move the pointer E. It is evident that as pin ions b and H are equal the pointer G will move through exactly the portion of a circle through which the shaft B moves. Now if the mechanism through which shaft B actuates lever M is connected with said lever at the point M which is the ultimate limit of travel of roller K on said lever, as shown in Fig. 2, but is not the point on said lever to which said roller is supposed in this descrip tion to stand, such supposed point being half way between M and M and the pinions b and G, each having the same n um berot' teeth. On moving the lever M the roller K will travel one-half as far as the point M travels, and the frame L will be drawn down one-half as far as the point M of the lever M moves, thus moving pointer E one-half as far as pointer G moves.

Inasmuch as the number of divisions into which the dial E is graduated is the multiple of the highest numbers of the dials O and D,

the pointer E will indicate the multiple of the numbers indicated by pointer F and G, and this ratio and result will continue however the relative lengths of the two arms of lever M may bevaried. In the construct-ion shown in the drawings I have, as a matter of convenience, connected the mechanism by .which lever M is actuated to said lever at the 'free end of the lever or at the point m, which .isiat'a greater distance from the fulcrum M than ls'the point M It follows, therefore,

that with this construction the two arms of the lever cannot be equal, and that to compensate for this the mechanism that moves the free end of the lever must be to the mechanism which moves the pointer E as the distance M m is to the distance M M and I do this by making the pinion b proportionally greater in number of teeth than the pinion .position that any motion given to the pointer IIO G, the teeth on both pinions being of the same size. It is further evident that the relative movement of the free end of lever M. and of the connecting-rod R will vary with the varying distance of the roller K from the fulcrum M, of the lever M, and that as this distance is determined by the amount of rotation given to the shaft o the distance between the fulcrum M and the roller K may be varied to suit any desired figure indicated on dial C, and that when this distance has been adjusted the same proportional rate of motion will be imparted through frame L and rack (.47 to the pinion and pointer E by the same motion which carries the free end of the lever through the desired portion of its stroke. It follows, therefore, that the principle of the machine consists in varying the stroke of a vibrating lever in proportion to the desired multiplicand, and varying the relative lengths of the arms of the lever in pro portion to the desired multipl er. It is also evident that the form and arrangement of the mechanism which varies the relative lengths of the lever, which actuates the lever, and which is actuated by the lever may be varied widely from that which I have illustratcd without departing from the principle of my invention.

In the preferred form of my invention, as exhibited by the drawings, the registering mechanism comprises the dial .E, the pointer E, the rod It, the frame I, and its concomitants, the rack ('1 and the pinion-carrying shaft G so that such registering mechanism is operated by the vibrating lover. The mechanism for shifting the point of contact of the registering mechanism with the lever (1i. (9., the contact of the rod Ii with the lever) comprises the thumb-wheel A, the shaft (1, the sprocket-wheel A, the belt A and the carriage K, moving on the guide-ro il .I. I would state, however, that I believe myself to be the Iirst to construct a calculating or multiplying machine wherein a vibrating lever continually varies the lengths of its two arms and continually varies its stroke in proportion to the desired multiplier and the de sired multiplicand, and therefore I do not confine myself to the specific registering or shifting mechanisms described and shown, for they maybe modified or varied without departing from the spirit of my invention.

\Vhat I claim, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent, is-- 1. In a calculating-machinc, a vibrating lever, mechanism, substantially as described, for moving said lever through any desired portion of its stroke, registering mechanism adapted to be operated by the motion of said lever, and means, substantially as described, for shifting the point of contact of said registering mechanism with said lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In a calculating-machine, the combination, with a pivoted lever having one. arm connected with actuating mechanism, of an indicator adjustably con n ectcd with the other arm, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In a calculatiug-machino, the combination of a vibrating lever. mechanism, substantially as described, for moving said lever through any desired portion of its stroke and for indicating said movement, means, substantially as described, for varying the relative lengths of the arms of said lever and for indicating said changes, and an indicator adjustably connected with and actuated by said lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth,

4. ln a caleulating-machine, the combination of three graduated dials, the third having as many divisions as the product of the highest numbers on the other two, and each dial having a movable pointer, a movable lever adjustably connected with the pointer of said third dial, mechanism for moving one of said pointers and proportionally varying the connection between said lever and the pointers of thethird dial, and mechanism for simultaneously moving the remaining pointer and said lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In a calculating-machine, the combination of the dials C, D, and E, the pointers F, G, and E, the lever M, adjustably connected with pointer E, the shaft (L, connected with pointer E and with the connection between lever M and pointer E, and the shaft B, connected with lever M and pointer G, substan tially as shown and described.

HENRY C. IIAR".

Witnesses:

HENRY P. HART, ADELAIDE A. ANDERSON. 

